Three legends about Hidesato, and his clan
Legends and folk tales about Tochigi's Busho
"Fujiwara no Hidesato" and his descendants
The traditional folk tale "Domeki Monogatari" of "Fujiwara no Hidesato" that is handed down in Utsunomiya.The story of Tota Tawara, which is handed down in the Otogi-zoshi picture scroll, is "Exterminating the Centipede of Omi". "Hachi no Ki Monogatari" by Sano Genzaemon Tsuneyo, a descendant of Hidego, who remains in the modern era with a song.
There are various theories about the story, but I will introduce it including the interpretation of "Meeting to make Tochigi warlord" Fujiwara no Hidesato "a hero"!
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Dodomeki story
A traditional folk tale of "Fujiwara no Hidesato" that is handed down in Utsunomiya. A legend that expresses the story of fighting the brave warlord " Taira no Masakado".
This story is about the middle of the Heian period, the middle of the 10th century (around 950). A descendant of the prestigious Fujiwara family in Kyoto, Fujiwara no Fujinari, a great-grandfather who was appointed as an official of Shimotsuke Province (now Tochigi Prefecture), took root in Shimotsuke Province, with his grandfather Toyosawa and his father Murao. There was a man called Fujiwara no Hidesato who is a san of Murao.
Hidesato was quite a naughty man for his family and had some youthful behavior, but even if he was a little off the beaten track, his essence was energetic and prestigious. Hidesato, who grew up freely like Shimotsuke Province and became the head of the family, inherited the names of his grandfather and father and worked hard as a government official of Shimotsuke Province.
Around the same time, there was a local lord named Taira no Masakado, who had territories in Hitachi and Shimousa. Masakado lamented that the local reign was disturbed, expanded his power to Bando Hachishu to correct it, and declared himself a new emperor (Shinno). This is called "Taira no Masakado no Ran (the rebelion)". However, the imperial court issued a follow-up order (finally) as a person who was considered to be against the country. Hidesato, who was the messenger of Shimotsuke Province at that time, received the proclamation of Taira no Masakado from the imperial court, and to respond to it, he prayed for victory at Utsunomiya Daimeijin and Utsunomiya Futaarasan Shrine and received a swing of spirit sword. With this, he was able to defeat the Shomon army. As a reward for this achievement, Hidesato was appointed by the imperial court to "Kokushi" of Shimotsuke, who built a pavilion in Utsunomiya, Shimotsuke Province, and ruled Shimotsuke Province. In addition, the guardian general was appointed.
One day, at Utsunomiya, Shimotsuke Province. When Hidesato passed Oso no Sato on the Tahara Highway on his way home from hunting, an old man appeared, and in Hidesato, "a demon with a hundred eyes at night in a horse dumping ground in this northwestern Usada". Appears and is in trouble. Can you somehow get rid of it? " Then, when Hidesato went to Usada with his bow and arrow and sword, and waited, a cloud suddenly appeared around 3 o'clock (2 am to 2:30 am), and he kept a hundred eyes on his hands. , A tall demon with blade-like hair all over his body appeared, and he was sucking blood on a dead horse in the horse dump.
It was an eerie sight that Hidesato couldn't think of in the world. He drew his favorite bow and shot an arrow at the brightest eye. The arrow pierced the demon's vital point, and while suffering, the demon escaped to the northern foot of Mt. Myojin (Futarasan Shrine), but fell and could not move. The demon blew flames from his body and spewed poison from his torn mouth and suffered, so even Hidesato was in a state where he couldn't get close to it, so he decided to pull it up to the hall on that day.
The next morning, Hidesato went to the north side of Mt. Myojin, where the demon had fallen again, but there were only dark marks left on the ground, and the demon had disappeared. About 400 years later, the Muromachi period when Ashikaga started the shogunate. At Honganji Temple in Hanawada Village, north of Mt. Myojin, mysterious incidents continued, such as the priest being injured and the temple burning. At that time, at Honganji Temple, a highly virtuous priest named Chitoku Shonin became a priest and gathered people to preach. Then there was a young girl who was sure to show up in the sermon. This girl was the tentative figure of that demon who was seriously injured around here 400 years ago. Hiding in a hundred holes in Nagaoka, waiting for the injured body to heal, turning into a daughter, visiting this area, and sucking a large amount of blood that I once shed to regain the old evil. The chief priest of Honganji was in the way, so he was injured and set the temple on fire. Chitoku Shonin discovers the true identity of the demon, and the demon changes his mind to the repeated preaching of Chitoku Shonin, vows not to do anything wrong again, folds his corner, takes his fingernail and dedicates it to the temple, and dedicates it to the Buddhahood. It was.
This demon was called "Doumeki " because it had 100 eyes of demons, and since then, the area around Honganji, which was the stage of this story, has come to be called "Doumeki". Even now, the name "Doumeki street " remains on the north side of Mt. ing.
In addition, the old road that intersects Doumeki-street is called Tahara Kaido, and it is said that it is called from the bales of "Tawara no Tota", which is another name for Hidesato.
[footnote]
Shimotsuke no Kuni = Tochigi Prefecture
Hitachi Province = Ibaraki Prefecture
Shimousa = Chiba Prefecture
Bando Hachishu = Musashi, Sagami, Kamitsufusa, Shimosa, Awa, Hitachi, Kozuke, Shimotsuke
Oryoshi = Police and Security Forces
Kokushi = current prefectural governor
Chinjufu Shogun = the highest honorary position of a bushi/samurai
Omi's great centipedes
One of the stories of Tota Tawara that is handed down in the Otogi-zoshi picture scroll. The stage is Omi, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture.
It's called the time of Emperor Suzaku, so it's about 1100 years ago, in the middle of the 10th century.
Is a Tenji after causing the Isshi Incident with Nakanooenooji, a descendant of Fujiwara no Kamatari that advanced the Taika Reform, served as Shimono country is a prestigious Fujiwara lineal Daijo (Mahayana) follow Fifth place There was a warrior who was the son of Murao Uefujiwara and was also known as Tota Tawara after Hidesato Fujiwara, who lived in Sano Sho, Shimotsuke Province. Since being given a golden sword by his father Fujiwara no Kamatari, Hidesato has been awarded many credits during his reign.
At one point, Hidesato was on his way back to his own country, Shimono, after moving to Tokyo. When Hidesato passed the Seta Bridge (Seta no Kara Bridge) in Omi Province, a large snake lay on the bridge, blocking passage and causing trouble for people. Hidesato, who passed there, trampled on the snake without hesitation and crossed calmly. Those who saw it were surprised and admired, "What a bold military commander!"
That night, a beautiful girl came to the inn to visit Hidesato, who stayed at Omi-juku. The daughter called herself a relative of the Ryujin clan who lived in Lake Biwa, and it began to tell a mysterious story. In fact, the big snake that Hidesato trampled in the daytime was the one that this girl changed into, and it was said that she was looking for a brave person who changed into a big snake. Then, the daughter complained that the Ryujin clan was suffering from the centipede of Mt. Mikami, and begged for the extermination of the centipede in anticipation of Hidesato's bravery. Hidesato, who heard the story, was willing to accept this.
Immediately, Hidesato headed for Mt. Mikami with a golden sword from the Fujiwara family and a large bow made of five people with three arrows of 15 bundles and Sambok, and a centipede of seven and a half volumes appeared. Hidesato shot his favorite arrow, but even if he hit it, he couldn't reach the centipede. At last, I spit on the last arrow and prayed, "Minami Hachiman Daibosatsu, hopefully this one arrow, that centipede ...", and the arrow was splendidly a centipede. After shooting between the eyebrows, the centipede finally collapsed.
After that, a daughter appeared again at the end of the bright moon and invited Hidesato to the Ryugu in the water of Lake Biwa. At the Ryugu, in response to the grand reception of the lord of the lake, the Dragon King, he was presented with silk rolls, a bale with a tied neck, and a bronze pot as a thank-you for the extermination of the centipede. It is said that Hidesato came to be called "Tawara no Tota" because the bales never run out even if the rice is taken out. In addition, the dragon king said, "Be sure to apologize for your grace for your descendants," and gave him the armor of a golden tag (koganezane) and a sword made of gold. Like. " In addition, he took out the bell and gave it, "I want you to make it a treasure of Japan."
Hidesato tells his descendants that his armor and sword are useful for samurai, and the bell is Mitsui-ji Temple according to the recommendation of his father Murao, "Since Shinra Daimeijin, the guardian of Mitsui-ji Temple, is a bow and arrow god, pray for the martial arts of his descendants." I decided to donate to the temple, and I made him tell the chief priest of Mitsui-ji Temple to that effect and dedicated it. A magnificent bell memorial service was held at Mitsui-ji Temple.
Then, some years later, a local lord named Taira no Masakado of Shimousa rebelled and tried to conquer Kanhachishu and call him Taira no Masakado, becoming the new emperor of Japan. This is called "Taira no Masakado no Ran". The imperial court issued a declaration of Taira no Masakado to Hidesato, who was excellent in courage, and Hidesato received the declaration and prayed to Maitreya Bodhisattva and Silla Daimyojin of Mitsui-ji Temple and faced Masakado.
Hidesato joins Taira no Sadamori's army and fights against Masakado, but he is struggling with the power of the superhuman Shomon, but finally he decides on a plan, "Even if the figure of Masakado looks like seven bodies, there is only a shadow on the main body." I found out that "temple is the key point" and finally managed to defeat it. Hidesato, who successfully defeated Masakado, was appointed as a junior fourth rank and received both Musashi and Shimotsuke, and built a mansion in the land of Shimotsuke and became the Kokushi there. In addition, Hidesato's descendants were appointed as guardian generals for generations.
After that, there were dozens of boys in Hidesato, including Jiro Koyama, Saburo Utsunomiya, Shiro Ashikaga, and Goro Yuki, and their descendants prospered greatly, but this was also solely due to the protection of the dragon god. Thus, it was decided that there is probably no house that takes a bow and arrow in the sixty-odd states of Japan and calls himself Fujiwara, which is not a descendant of Hidesato.
［脚注］
大 掾＝律令制下 四等官制（守、介、掾、目）の第三等官の上位官。
国司などに相当する位。
従五位＝日本の位階の位。上位の正一位から少初位まで30階位あった。従五位上は、上から１１番目。
近江国＝滋賀県
三上山＝滋賀県野津市にある山。別名：近江富士。
三井寺＝滋賀県大津市にある天台寺門宗の総本山。正式名称：長等山園城寺
長吏大僧正＝三井寺の最高位僧侶の事。
Hachi no Ki story
The story of Sano Genzaemon, a descendant of Hidesato Fujiwara, who remains in the modern era with a song. A story famous for the word "Iza Kamakura!"
It is said to be five years old, so it is about 700 and several decades ago, or 1253 in the Christian era.
One day in the winter of the beginning of the year, Sano Sho in Shimotsuke Province continued to fall all day long due to the heavy snowstorm that started the day before. Near the dusk of heavy snow, where no one passed by, there was a traveling monk begging for an overnight inn under the eaves of the house of Sano Genzaemon Tsuneyo, a samurai who lives in Sano Sho.
The owner of the house, Tokiyo, said, "I can't stay because my house is so poor. There is a village where I went a little, so if you ask me, I will stay there. I advised the traveling monk, but it was evening and I couldn't see how heavy snow would make walking, so I decided to greet him and stay overnight.
Tsuneyo invited a traveling monk to the hearth end, saying, "I can't do anything, but ...", and when the fire in the hearth warmed up for a while, the limbs and body that became stuffy like ice warmed up, and it seemed to finally calm down. .. Then, when his wife, Hakumei, said, "There is nothing, but please ...", the porridge of freshly cooked millet was raised, and the traveling monk seemed to feel that the porridge was delicious and finally revived. .. When a warm-hearted traveling monk looks around, the house is old and terrible, full of crevices. However, there is a spear on the wall, and an old but armored helmet is placed between the small alcove. Also, looking at the words and behavior of the husband and wife, I thought, "This is not just a peasant. It may be because the samurai had something to do with it."
Then, the traveling monk asked, "If you don't mind, please tell me your name and the translation you are here now." .. At that time, my wife, Shiro Myo, seemed to be in trouble, saying, "The firewood is gone." Normally, I had enough wood to make it in time, but I burned more wood than usual for the traveling monk.
Then, Tsuneyo went to the back of the house and brought three potted plants. If you look at it, all of the "plum," "pine," and "cherry blossoms" are excellent bonsai. Then, I broke it without hesitation and put it in the hearth. The traveling monk was surprised to see this, but Tsuneyo said, "No, it's a shame because there is no burning wood. At least I'd like to warm up a little and take a rest." The traveling priest was more and more impressed and asked for his name, so he couldn't hide it and talked about himself. He said, "I am also a child of the Kamakura samurai. In the unlikely event that something important happens to the Kamakura Shogunate, I am prepared to rush to Kamakura as soon as possible and serve my life." The traveling monk seemed to be impressed with the story of such an everlasting world.
By the way, the next day, the snow stopped completely, and the morning sun became bright and sunny. The traveling priest thanked Mr. and Mrs. Tsuneyo and set out for the next destination, Manganji Temple. It was the end of October, when the days passed, from winter to spring, from spring to summer, and then to autumn. A call was made from Kamakura, and daimyo and samurai from various countries rushed to Kamakura.
Tsuneyo also bravely rushed to Kamakura, wearing a spear and a sword, smashing a thin horse, and wearing an armor, saying, "Time has come. Now, Kamakura!" Then, Tsuneyo, who was among the daimyo and samurai of the countries gathered in Kamakura, was called by the officials of the shogunate.
When I went forward, wasn't there the monk who traveled on that heavy snow night? The monk on that journey was Hojo Tokiyori, who was in power at the time, no matter what he hid. Tokiyori summoned the everlasting world in front of the samurai, the daimyo of each country, and said, "I am a traveling monk who has troubled the overnight inn at that house on a heavy snowy day. As the word says, he rushed to me well. " In addition to the township, he gave three territories, Umeda no Sho, Kaga no Umeda no Sho, Joshu Matsuida no Sho, and Ecchu Sakurai no Sho, and took them as a daimyo.
This sunrise and everlasting world, which changed yesterday, was able to give a family name with this, and I was delighted with tears that I was able to give back to my ancestors.
[Main references]
Minoru Noguchi "Legendary Shogun Fujiwara Hidesato" (Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 2001) Akio Kawajiri "Japanese History of War 4 Hirashomon no Ran" (Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 2007) Tochigi Prefectural Museum "Fujiwara Hidesato Genpei Lined Prestigious Bushidan Established ”(2018)
Yoshifumi Yamamoto "Hidego-ryu martial arts late facts and Shimotsuke" (edited by Ikuo Eda and Daisuke Yanase, "Medieval Northern Kanto and Kyoto", Takashi Shoin, 2020)